Comprehensive tables giving physical data and thermal energy estimates for young igneous systems of the United States. Smith R L, Shaw H R, Luedke R G, Russell S L, 1978. In: Williams H (ed) Landscapes of Alaska, Los Angeles: Univ Calif Press, p 62-75. Current volcanic activity in Katmai National Monument, Alaska. Alaska Div Geol Geophys Surv, Prof Rpt, no 114, 17 p and 4 map sheets. Geothermal resources of the Aleutian arc. Motyka R J, Liss S A, Nye C J, Moorman M A, 1993. Volc Soc Japan draft ms, (limited circulation), 160 p. IAVCEI Data Sheets, Rome: Internatl Assoc Volc Chemistry Earth's Interior. Geochronology and eruptive history of the Katmai volcanic cluster, Alaska Peninsula. Hildreth W, Lanphere M A, Fierstein J, 2003. Alaska's volcanoes, northern link in the ring of fire.
Henning R A, Rosenthal C H, Olds B, Reading E (eds), 1976. Ubersicht uber die Vulkanische Tatigkeit 1954-1956. The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography. A 1953 explosive "eruption" was single large puff of steam followed by steaming from caverns in Hook Glacier (Muller et al., 1954). The report of a 1951 eruption is an apparent reference to a Jashfall at Kukak Bay, which was attributed by Muller et al. Two reports of historical eruptions at Kukak from Hantke (1959) appear to be erroneous. Kukak volcano contains a vigorous fumarole field at the southern base of the hydrothermally altered northern summit and is the only one of the Denison-Steller-Kukak chain of volcanoes to display geothermal activity. The almost completely ice-covered Kukak volcano lies west of Hallo Bay near the NE end of a glacier-mantled range extending from Mount Katmai.
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